3 Profile of the Industrial Revolution

4.1As exposed by the Chronological Rate of Acquisition of the Basic Inventory of Cosmic Absolutes– The 92 Elements.

4.2 This chart is described in my Saturday Review article. It is a curve of ac- celeration reliably portraying the fundamental rate of impingement of science and tech- nology upon man, as referenced to regular calendar clock time. Lists of historical inventions and discoveries are formless because they are inherently open-ended, i.e., infinite. There is one closed or inite family of pure scientific events. It is the history of the isolation by man of the ninety-two regenerative chemical elements. Membership in this family of prime universe patternings requires a "credit card" identification of specific and uniquely consecutive matching electron-proton numbers. The family must consist of all ninety-two unique sets from one to ninety-two electron-proton counts in- clusive, and none other. That is the curve herewith presented. To it has been added the curve of the rate of isolation of the, thus far, subsequently isolated, non-self- regenerative chemical elements beyond ninety-two. These elements of negative universe are shown for comparison only.

4.3 The chart covers 800 years. It runs from 1200 A.D. to 2000 A.D. Nine chemical elements (see list at lower left corner of chart) were already known to and isolated by man when recorded history dawns. The first known isolation of a chemical element was that of arsenic in 1200 A.D. in Italy. There is a 200-year lag to the next isolation–antimony–then another 200-year interval to phosphorus, then only a half- century gap to cobalt, whereafter, the list takes "off" averaging a climbing rate of one isolation every two years.

4.4 The swiftly rising curve is not smooth. There are three distinct slow-down "shoulders." These are occasioned by periods of universal warring. Pure science activity, which these isolations represent most truly is frustrated altogether by the atmosphere of war. Because the earlier discoveries of science are often converted to technological advantage in wartime, science has been thought, erroneously–to prosper in wartime. What prospers is applied science and production technology but not pure science, not basic thinking.

4.5 It is seen on this chart that 1932, popularly identified as the "depth of the depression," is, in fact, a moment of epochal success. In 1932 the last of the finite family of ninety-two regenerative chemical elements, occurring spontaneously in nature, was isolated. For the first time in known history man had in neat "know-how cans" on the "shelf" all the basic ingredients for reassembling the physical universe’s basic pat- tern behaviors in preferred arrangements. This permits greatly increased performances per units of controlled and invested energies. It makes "possible" theretofore undreamed- of physical advantage gains to be realized for all of humanity. It is the beginning of man’s consciously successful participation in the evolutionary events of nature. This conscious and scientific participation, in turn, leads swiftly to realization of physical, metabolic

4.6 27

4.7 success of man in universe.

4.8 After 1932 and the ninety-second isolation, there is an important, but temporary, slow-down in further isolation. Scientific man became momentarily preoccupied in taking apart the nuclei of those fundamental chemical elements. Fission and the theoretical release of the elemental energy five years later, and realistic release twelve years later, was inevitable to that ninety-second and final isolation of the full family of prime elements in ’32.

4.9 It is interesting to note that the post-uranium element isolations, starting with ninety-three, occur with extraordinary regularity. Witness the approximately straight line ascent of the post-ninety-two isolations as well as the direct correspondence of the elemental numbers with the numbers representing the successive order of isolations. This correspondence is unlike the discovery pattern theretofore occurring. For instance, isolation number ninety-seven is berkelium–element number ninety-seven, –with ninety-seven electrons and ninety-seven protons.

4.10 In the first ninety-two isolations, however, the order of isolation does not correspond to the atomic number order. The twenty-eighth isolation was zirconium–element number forty; the thirty-first isolation, beryllium was element number fourteen; the eighteenth isolation was hydrogen, which was element number one, meaning one electron and one proton and so forth. None of the atomic numbers correspond to the number in order of successive isolation within the "first family" of ninety-two elements.

4.11 The extraordinary pattern disclosed by this curve of man’s acquisition of fundamental controls over the basic energy patternings of nature portrays only the evolutionary rate of development of pure science. It is subjective in that it establishes only a potential use-advantage for man. Without discovered use or technical capability to use having been as yet invented by man, this pure knowledge remains only potential.

4.12 In view of this curve of development of the high fundamental potential, it is appropriate to ask ourselves:–What is the most comprehensive change in the relationship of man to his earth and his universe that may be realized physically by the application of this ’pure (physical) knowledge?’

4.13 Probably the most significant consequence of the application of this knowledge is man’s alteration thereby of his ecological patterning in universe.

4.14 Amongst all the species of life on earth, none of them, other than man, has consciously participated in the fundamental alteration of their overall, lifetime ecological sweep-out patterning. Eels, plovers, and many other biological species unconsciously were forced to alter their total lifetimes’ cumulative ecological patterning–by the comprehensive earth surface changes induced by the successive ice ages. As ice receded, cold-area-breeding types of life were forced to ever-larger annual migrations between the most favorable tropical feeding grounds and arctic breeding grounds, respectively. This was unconscious participation in the fundamental alteration of ecological patterns. The designing and building of an hydro-electric dam or development and production of an antibiotic constitutes conscious participation by man in the evolutionary pattern transforming of universe.

4.15 Up to and including, my own father’s generation, men were limited essentially to motion accomplished almost exclusively by their own leg motion–mildly increased by horse and vehicular travel. In 1914, American man was averaging 1640 miles

4.16 28

4.17 per year total travel. Thirteen hundred miles were accomplished by his (integral) legs, and 340 additional miles were accomplished by his (non-integral) "vehicles." This vehicular augmentation was a motion increase of only 25 per cent. As a consequence of mass production of the equipment of mobilization during World War One, in 1919 U.S.A. man covered 1600 miles by vehicle alone–in addition to his continued 1300 miles per year walking–a total of 2900 miles per man. By 1942 U.S.A. man was averaging 4500 miles per year by vehicles plus 1300 miles per year by legs or an annual total ecological sweep-out of 5500 miles per year.

4.18 In view of the "life expectancy tables" we find that the total miles of an aver- age human’s lifetime’s mileage to-and-froing, ecological "sweep-out," up to and includ- ing my father’s lifetime, was only 30,000 miles. However, at 69 years of age, I have already covered three million miles which is one-hundred-fold the lifetime distance ac- complished by humans of any previous generations. I am one of a class of several mil- lion human beings, who, in their lifetimes, have each covered three million miles or more. The class of senior airline pilots has covered several-fold my three-million- mile "sweep-out." Astronauts equal my three-million-mile "sweep-out" every one hundred circuits of the earth, i.e., in approximately every four days of Earth orbiting. All these dramatic alterations of the ecological pattern of man have accrued directly to the inventory of Cosmic Absolutes–"canned" and put on the "potential shelf" by the pure scientists, working like bees to store the "honey" utterly unaware of the value to man of that honey or of what man will do with it.

4.19 To realize ecological pattern transformation requires that man penetrate environments theretofore intolerably hostile to his naked existence. His invention of hats and clothing first permitted man to penetrate hot and cold regions theretofore intolerable to him. Clothing represented man’s first environment controlling and ecology transforming tool. When man built himself a house making possible his existence during external development of hostile conditions, it did not alter, however, his ecological pat- terning geographically–anymore than did his retreat into a cave. To make fundamental alteration of his ecological sweep-out, man must propel his harm immunizing, controlled environment into geographical realms of previously intolerable environmental conditions. He must propel the environment controlling device either by his own power or by his control of power systems external to and greater than his bodily power system.

4.20 In order to maintain a uniform measure of the magnitude of effectiveness of such (previously intolerable) hostile environment penetrations by man, I have documented man’s circumnavigations of the earth–inside his succession of improved environment controlling machines, propelled by energy patterns, which, though indirectly controlled by man, are nonetheless external to and greater than his integral, metabolic energy conversion, propulsion capabilities.

4.21 As shown by little symbolic pictures along the top area of the chart, the first such circumnavigation of Earth by man was accomplished with the wooden sailing ship, which took approximately three years. About 350 years later man circumnavigated Earth in a steel steamship, taking approximately three weeks. Seventy-five years later he circumnavigated the Earth in an aluminum airplane, taking approximately three days total flying time. Thirty-five years later he circumnavigated Earth in an exotic-metal structured, rocket capsule, taking a little over an hour for each orbit cycle.

4.22 We have in the intervals between the progressive modes of circumnavigation as well as in the contractions of the successive elapsed times for the circumnavigations both a second and third power acceleration of the original velocity rate of pure science

4.23 29

4.24 growth as demonstrated by the prime family of ninety-two chemical element isolations. To be realistic we must now multiply this third power acceleration by a fourth coeffi- cient. The fourth coefficient is the conceptual regeneration induced in the human mind by the concomitant visual information, circumnavigation of Earth now being accomplished by the team of Telstar satellites whose world-around relayings of the electromagnetic wave-borne T.V. communications will result in a four dimensional acceleration of man’s teleologic and conscious participation in universal evolution.

4.25 The extraordinary fourth power acceleration thus to be realized by man in the distribution of technology generating information, through computers, electronics in general, and the world around information relay, will integrate the total acceleration of the rate of human ecology transformation to a fifth power progression. Within ten years anything reasonably "thinkupable" by science fiction will probably have been realized.

4.26 I know of no device as effective as this chart to generate comprehension of the unprecedented rate of experience acceleration into which man has now entered.

4.27 Along the bottom of the chart the numbers 150, 450, 1450, and 10,000 occur in approximation of the cumulative number of key science and technology inventions re- alized by all men, everywhere, up to the historical dates at which those numbers are posted. I have not yet made accurate check of 1964 figures, but it is in the magnitude of millions. It can only be measured effectively at a later date.

4.28 30

4.29 1250 A.D. 1270 1290 1310 1330 1350 1370 1390 1410 1430 1450 1470 1490 1510 1530 1550 1570 1590 1610 1630

4.30 SAILING SHIP

4.31 EARTH ORBIT IN MAN MADE ENVIRONMENT CONTROL: PRODUCT OF SUCCESSFUL APPLICATION OF HIGH PERFORMANCE PER UNIT OF INVESTED RESOURCES

4.32 PROFILE OF THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION AS EXPOSED BY THE CHRONOLOGICAL RATE OF ACQUISITION OF THE BASIC INVENTORY OF COSMIC ABSOLUTESTHE 92 ELEMENTS

4.33 LEONARDO DA VINCI COLUMBUS COPERNICUS GALILEO

4.34 ALGORISMA INTRODUCES CYPHER INTO EUROPEAN CIVILIZATION FROM ARABS, THUS PROVIDING SCIENCE WITH PRACTICAL CALCULATING FACILITY

4.35 9 ELEMENTS WERE ACQUIRED BY CIVILIZATION PRIOR TO HISTORIC RECORD OF THE EVENTS, PROBABLY IN ASIA MILLENIUMS AGO

4.36 CARBON =6 C LEAD =82 Pb TIN =50 Sn MERCURY =80 Hg SILVER =47 Ag COPPER =29 Cu SULPHUR =16 S GOLD =79 Au IRON =26 Fe

4.37 10 ARSENIC #33 As (first recorded discovery) Bavarian 11 ANTIMONY #51 Sb German

4.38 APPROXIMATE CU 150 1250 A.D. 1270 1290 1310 1330 1350 1370 1390 1410 1430 1450 1470 1490 1510 1530 1550 1570 1590 1610 1630

4.39 1670 1690 1710 1730 1750 1770 1790 1810 1830 1850 1870 1890 1910 1930 1950 1970 1990 2010 A.D.

4.40 STEAMSHIP AIRPLANE ROCKET

4.41 TECHNICAL ACQUISITION BY SCIENCE OF 92 ATOMIC ELEMENTS IS COMPLETED 1932 AND SUPER ATOMICS COMMENCE

4.42 103* LAWRENCIUM # 103 Lw U.S.A. 102* NOBELIUM # 102 No Eng., Swed., U.S.A. 101* MENDELEVIUM # 101 Md U.S.A. 100* FERMIUM # 100 Fm U.S.A. 99* EINSTEINIUM # 99 Es U.S.A. 98* CALIFORNIUM # 98 Cf U.S.A. 97* BERKELIUM # 97 Bk U.S.A. 96* PROMETHIUM # 61 Pm U.S.A. 95* AMERICIUM # 95 Am U.S.A. 94* CURIUM # 96 Cm U.S.A. 93* PLUTONIUM # 94 Pu U.S.A. 92* NEPTUNIUM # 93 Np U.S.A. 91* ASTATINE # 85 At U.S.A. 90* FRANCIUM # 87 Fr Fr. 89* TECHNETIUM # 43 Tc U.S.A. 88 RHENIUM # 75 Re Gr. 87 HAFNIUM # 72 Hf Netherlands, Hung. 86* PROTACTINIUM # 91 Pa Gr., Aust. 85 LUTETIUM # 71 Lu Fr. 84* RADON # 86 Rn Gr. 83* ACTINIUM # 89 Ac Fr. 82* POLONIUM # 84 Po Fr. 81* RADIUM # 88 Ra Fr. 80 XEON # 54 Xe Scot., Eng. 79 KRYPTON # 36 Kr Scot., Eng. 78 NEON # 10 Ne Scot., Eng. 77 EUROPIUM # 63 Eu Fr. 76 HELIUM # 2 He Scottish 75 ARGON # 18 A Eng.-Scot 74 GERMANIUM # 32 Ge German 73 DYSPROSIUM # 66 Dy French 72 NEODYMIUM # 60 Nd Austrian 71 PRASEODYMIUM # 59 Pr Austrian 70 GADOLINIUM # 64 Gd Swiss 69 SAMARIUM # 62 Sm French 68 HOLMIUM # 67 Ho Swedish 67 SCANDIUM # 21 Sc Swedish 66 THULIUM # 69 Tm Swedish 65 YTTERBIUM # 70 Yb Swiss 64 GALLIUM # 31 Ga French 63 INDIUM # 49 In German 62 THALLIUM # 81 Tl British 61 RUBIDIUM # 37 Rb German 60 CESIUM # 55 Cs German 59 RUTHENIUM # 44 Ru Russian 58 ERBIUM # 68 Er Swedish 57 TERBIUM # 65 Tb Swedish 56 LANTHANUM # 57 La Swedish 55 VANADIUM # 23 V Swedish 54 THORIUM # 90 Th Swedish 53 BROMINE # 35 Br French 52 ALUMINUM # 13 Al Danish 51 SILICON # 14 Si Swedish 50 SELENIUM # 34 Se Swedish 49 CADMIUM # 48 Cd German 48 LITHIUM # 3 Li Swedish 47 IODINE # 53 I French 46 BORON # 5 B French 45 BARIUM # 56 Ba English 44 STRONTIUM # 38 Sr English 43 CALCIUM # 20 Ca English 42 POTASSIUM # 19 K English 41 SODIUM # 11 Na English 40 MAGNESIUM # 12 Mg English 39 IRIDIUM # 77 Ir English 38 OSMIUM # 76 Os English 37 PALLADIUM # 46 Pd English 36 RHODIUM # 45 Rh English 35 CERIUM # 58 Ce Swedish 34 TANTALUM # 73 Ta Swedish 33 COLUMBIUM # 41 Cb English 32 CHROMIUM # 24 Cr French 31 BERYLLIUM # 4 Be French 30 YTTRIUM # 39 Y Finnish 29 TITANIUM # 22 Ti English 28 ZIRCONIUM # 40 Zr German 27 URANIUM # 92 U German 26 TUNGSTEN # 74 W Spanish 25 TELLURIUM # 52 Te Austrian 24 MOLYBDENUM # 42 Mo Swedish 23 MANGANESE # 25 Mn Swedish 22 CHLORINE # 17 Cl Swedish 21 OXYGEN # 8 O English 20 NITROGEN # 7 N Scottish 19 FLUORINE # 9 F Swedish 18 HYDROGEN # 1 H English 17 NICKEL # 28 Ni Swedish 16 BISMUTH # 83 Bi French 15 ZINC # 30 Zn German 14 PLATINUM # 78 Pt Spanish 13 COBALT # 27 Co Swedish 12 PHOSPHORUS # 15 P German

4.43 * Radioactive, No stable isotopes

4.44 NOTE: NUMBER BEFORE NAME OF ELEMENT INDICATES ORDER OF DISCOVERY. NUMBER FOLLOWING NAME IS THE ATOMIC NUMBER. LETTERS FOLLOWING ATOMIC NUMBER ARE THEIR SYMBOLS. NATIONALITY LISTING IS THAT OF DISCOVERER.

4.45 RELATIVE TOTAL OF KEY INVENTIONS OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

4.46 450 1,450 10,000

4.47 1670 1690 1710 1730 1750 1770 1790 1810 1830 1850 1870 1890 1910 1930 1950 1970 A.D.